Darulfunun Institute

Institute for Development, Research and Initiatives (IDRIS)

Tag: Journal AL-IMAM

  • The Dynamics of Underage Marriage: An Empirical Socio-Legal Study at the Religious Affairs Office of Simo, Boyolali, Indonesia

    » AL-IMAM: Journal on Islamic Studies, Civilization and Learning Societies

    Underage marriage remains a persistent socio-legal challenge in Indonesia despite the establishment of nineteen as the statutory minimum marriage age. This study examines the implementation of underage marriage at the Religious Affairs Office (KUA) of Simo, Boyolali, analyses its driving factors and consequences, and evaluates the institutional role of the KUA in addressing the practice. Employing a normative-empirical socio-legal approach, the study integrates statutory analysis with field evidence obtained through semi-structured interviews, observation, and institutional documentation. The findings demonstrate that underage marriage occurs through two principal pathways: court-authorised marriage dispensation followed by formal registration and religious marriage conducted prior to, or outside, the formal registration process. The practice is driven by the interaction of economic hardship, educational discontinuity, cultural expectations, premarital relationships and pregnancy, partial religious understandings, and individual preference. Its consequences include disrupted education, economic insecurity, psychological immaturity, reproductive-health vulnerability, and marital instability. Although the KUA effectively performs legal gatekeeping through age verification, registration control, premarital guidance, and institutional coordination, its preventive capacity remains limited where social practices precede or bypass formal legal procedures. These findings imply that underage-marriage prevention requires an integrated intervention involving legal institutions, schools, health services, village authorities, religious leaders, and families. The study contributes original empirical evidence by locating the regulatory-practice gap at the local institutional level and by demonstrating the relevance of integrating socio-legal analysis with a maqasid al-shariah-oriented child-protection framework.

  • Digital Transformation in Islamic Economics: Opportunities, Challenges, and Future Research Directions

    » AL-IMAM: Journal on Islamic Studies, Civilization and Learning Societies

    Aims: This study aims to analyze the opportunities, challenges, and future research directions in the digital transformation of the Islamic economy, including the use of Islamic fintech, digital banking, blockchain, artificial intelligence (AI), and other financial technologies. Method: This research employs a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method following PRISMA guidelines. The identification process yielded 3,546 articles, which were then screened and assessed for eligibility, ultimately producing 18 articles as the final sample for thematic analysis. Results: The results show that digital transformation offers opportunities such as increased efficiency, easier transactions, transparency, product and service innovation, and expanded Sharia financial inclusion. However, its implementation still faces several challenges, particularly regulations, Shariah compliance, cybersecurity, data protection, digital literacy, and infrastructure gaps. The study also demonstrates that maqashid al-shariah principles are important as a foundation in guiding technology development so that it is not only focused on economic efficiency but also brings benefits, justice, and sustainability. Conclusion/Novelty/Implications: The novelty of this research lies in its comprehensive mapping of digital transformation dimensions in the Islamic economy through an integrated SLR approach. The implications emphasize the need for regulatory harmonization, strengthening Shariah governance, and developing operational models for AI and blockchain applications. Future research should be directed towards empirical studies on AI, blockchain, CBDC, smart contracts, digital zakat and waqf, as well as developing Shariah governance models that are adaptive to technological advancements.

  • Exploitation of Public Figures’ Faces by AI Platforms as a Form of Unjust Enrichment: A Juridical Study within the Indonesian Legal System

    » AL-IMAM: Journal on Islamic Studies, Civilization and Learning Societies

    The commodification of public figures’ faces within generative AI ecosystems raises a question Indonesian law has yet to answer: who holds entitlement to the economic value extracted from a person’s likeness when platforms replicate and monetize it without meaningful consent. That gap frames an inquiry into the legal status of a public figure’s face as an economic asset, whether AI platforms’ use of it amounts to unjust enrichment, and how accountability should attach to the platforms involved. Through normative legal research grounded in the Copyright Law, the Electronic Information and Transactions Law, the Personal Data Protection Law, and Article 1365 of the Civil Code, the analysis asks how far systematic and teleological interpretation can reach an exploitation unfolding algorithmically rather than through conventional appropriation. A public figure’s face, the study finds, has shifted from a marker of identity into an intangible asset sustaining platform valuation, while existing legal regimes remain fragmented rather than complementary: copyright refuses to treat a face as a protectable work, and data protection law leans toward privacy rather than economic interest. That misalignment lets the four elements of unjust enrichment, enrichment, loss, causation, and absence of legal basis, be satisfied, and opens the possibility of qualifying the conduct as unlawful under Article 1365. The study proposes a layered accountability model of profit restitution, compensation, dataset transparency, and explicit consent, its novelty lying in positioning unjust enrichment as a distributive-justice framework for generative AI’s exploitation of identity, a terrain Indonesian legal scholarship has scarcely addressed.

  • Effect of MUI Fatwa on Environmentally Friendly Carbon Value Investment

    » AL-IMAM: Journal on Islamic Studies, Civilization and Learning Societies

    Climate change and increased carbon emissions demand the development of investment instruments that are not only oriented towards economic profits, but also pay attention to environmental sustainability and social welfare. The fatwa of the Indonesian Ulema Council (MUI) on climate change control law provides a normative-religious foundation that places environmental protection, emission reduction, prevention of ecological damage, and human responsibility as a caliph as an important part of economic activities. This study aims to analyze the impact of the MUI Fatwa on carbon value investment from the perspective of sharia economic law and maq??id al-syar?’ah Jasser Auda. The research uses a juridical-normative method with a legislative, conceptual, and maq??id al-syar?’ah approach. The data was analyzed qualitatively through a study of the MUI fatwa, regulation of carbon economic values, and sharia economic and environmental law literature. The results of the study show that the MUI Fatwa has the potential to strengthen the ethical-religious legitimacy of carbon value investment through the principles of benefit, damage prevention (dar’u al-maf?sid), ecological responsibility, and sustainability. In the perspective of Jasser Auda’s maq??id system , carbon value investment can be directed towards achieving holistic, multidimensional, and sustainable benefits through the protection of lives, property, generations, and the environment. Thus, the MUI Fatwa has the potential to form a green investment orientation while strengthening the synergy between sharia principles, environmental protection, and sustainable economic development.

  • Constructing Civil Society in Surah Al-Baqarah: A Comparative Study of Tafsir al-Basith and Fi Zhilal al-Qur’an

    » AL-IMAM: Journal on Islamic Studies, Civilization and Learning Societies

    This study analyses the construction of civil society in Surah Al-Baqarah by comparing al-W??id?’s Tafs?r al-Bas?? and Sayyid Qutb’s F? ?il?l al-Qur’?n. It also identifies their convergences and divergences, the factors shaping their interpretations, and the relevance of the resulting framework to contemporary Muslim society. The study employs qualitative library research, comparative Qur’anic interpretation (muq?ran), and thematic grouping. The primary data comprise the two exegetes’ interpretations of verses in Surah Al-Baqarah related to social formation; the analysis proceeds through thematic classification, description, comparison, synthesis, and contextualisation. The findings identify seven clusters of principles: faith as the foundation, the mandate of stewardship, the civilisational critique of the Children of Israel, monotheism-based leadership, communal identity, social and legal regulation, and socio-economic solidarity and justice. Al-W??id? foregrounds normative and linguistic precision, whereas Sayyid Qutb emphasises social formation and civilisational transformation. The study’s originality lies in synthesising these two interpretive orientations into a model of civil society that combines normative certainty with transformative capacity. This framework is relevant to strengthening Muslim identity, social cohesion, accountable governance, justice, and collective welfare in contemporary contexts.

  • Social Media, Hijrah Interest, and Religious Transformation among Muslim Communities in Indonesia

    » AL-IMAM: Journal on Islamic Studies, Civilization and Learning Societies

    Social media has become one of the settings in which Indonesian Muslims encounter and engage with discussions of hijrah. Yet frequent contact with religious material online need not be accompanied by corresponding changes in religious practice. This study investigates this issue among Muslim communities in Bengkulu City by focusing on hijrah interest as a possible link between social media use and hijrah behavior. The proposed relationship was examined from the Stimulus-Organism-Response (S-O-R) perspective. A survey was conducted with 259 participants recruited purposively from communities associated with nine grand mosques. The data were processed with PLS-SEM using SmartPLS 3. The measurement assessment produced acceptable reliability and convergent validity for the three constructs. The strongest relationship involving social media use was found for hijrah interest (? = 0.640, t = 16.689, p < 0.001). Hijrah interest, in turn, showed a positive relationship with hijrah behavior (? = 0.484, t = 7.125, p < 0.001). By contrast, the coefficient linking social media use directly to hijrah behavior was negative and statistically nonsignificant (? = -0.131, t = 1.841, p = 0.066). When hijrah interest was positioned between these variables, the indirect coefficient was positive and significant (? = 0.310, t = 6.355, p < 0.001). These results suggest that social media engagement in this sample is related more strongly to the emergence of hijrah interest than directly to reported hijrah behavior. The findings are limited to the observed sample and period of data collection; consequently, they should not be interpreted as demonstrating a causal process.