Darulfunun Institute

Institute for Development, Research and Initiatives (IDRIS)

Tag: Articles

  • Trends and Developments in Human Resource Management Research During 2018–2024: A Bibliometric Analysis Using VOSviewer

    » AL-IMAM: Journal on Islamic Studies, Civilization and Learning Societies

    Aims: This study aims to map the development and trends of Human Resource Management (HRM) research during the 2018–2024 period, identify countries, institutions, and journals that have made significant contributions and influence, and explore collaboration patterns and the direction of global HRM literature. Method: This study employs bibliometric analysis using VOSviewer software to visualize networks and relationship patterns within HRM literature. The research data were obtained from, Dimensions, and databases, covering publications from 2018 to 2024. The analysis was conducted using bibliographic coupling and collaboration network mapping based on countries, institutions, and journals to identify key contributors and the structure of HRM research development. Results: The findings indicate that HRM research during the 2018–2024 period has developed dynamically, characterized by increasingly interconnected scientific collaboration networks across countries and institutions. China, the United States, Pakistan, and Australia emerged as countries with substantial contributions and strong connectivity within the HRM research network. Higher education institutions from Europe and Asia also demonstrated significant roles in strengthening academic collaboration. In terms of publication sources, The International Journal of Human Resource Management and Human Resource Management Review emerged as dominant and influential journals in the development of HRM literature. Novelty: The novelty of this study lies in its integrated mapping of the structure and dynamics of HRM literature through bibliometric analysis of countries, institutions, journals, and scientific collaboration patterns. The findings provide an overview of key actors and major centers of HRM knowledge development globally and may serve as a basis for researchers in establishing future research directions and academic collaborations. Future studies should expand their focus on emerging HRM themes, strengthen cross-country and cross-institutional collaboration, and identify emerging research topics relevant to changes in the workplace and organizational transformation.

  • Islamic Ethical Formation and Youth Vulnerability in Northern Nigeria: Examining the Relationship Between Religious Socialisation, Economic Exclusion, and Community Belonging

    » Perwakilan: Journal of Good Governance, Diplomacy, Customary Institutionalization and Social Networks

    Islamic ethical formation plays an important role in shaping young people’s understanding of responsibility, lawful earning, solidarity, dignity, and community membership. In Northern Nigeria, however, these ethical commitments are negotiated within social environments characterised by uneven educational opportunities, economic insecurity, changing religious authority, and different forms of social exclusion. Existing discussions frequently examine Islamic moral education, youth unemployment, and violent extremism as separate issues, leaving insufficient attention to how young people themselves interpret religious teachings amid everyday economic and social pressures. This study examines the relationship between Islamic ethical formation, economic exclusion, and community belonging through a qualitative documentary and interpretive analysis of relevant scholarship, including ethnographic research on Qur’anic education in Northern Nigeria, studies of Islamic moral values among Nigerian youth, and recent research on religious education and violent conflict. The analysis identifies four interconnected themes: religious socialisation as a source of moral agency; economic exclusion as a challenge to dignity and responsible participation; community belonging as a potential source of support and recognition; and the importance of institutional credibility in shaping young people’s interpretations of religious teachings. The analysis suggests that Islamic ethical formation should not be understood as a simple protective or risk-producing factor. Its influence depends on how religious teachings are interpreted, how institutions practise the values they teach, and whether young people have meaningful opportunities to participate in social and economic life. The study contributes a proposed Ethical Formation–Inclusion–Belonging Framework for examining these relationships. It recommends participatory research involving young people, religious educators, families, and community organisations to test the framework empirically. The study does not claim that poverty or unemployment automatically leads to radicalisation; instead, it emphasises young people’s agency, the diversity of religious experiences, and the interaction between ethical commitments and structural conditions.

  • Analysis of Factors Influencing Halal Certification among MSMEs in Indonesia: A Systematic Literature Review Using the PRISMA Approach

    » AL-IMAM: Journal on Islamic Studies, Civilization and Learning Societies

    Aims: This study aims to systematically analyze the factors influencing halal certification among Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Indonesia and to map the supporting factors and barriers affecting MSMEs’ readiness to obtain halal certification. Method: This study employs a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) approach. The literature was collected from Google Scholar, Garuda, Scopus, ScienceDirect, DOAJ, and Dimensions using keywords related to halal certification, MSMEs, certification factors, and barriers to halal certification in Indonesia. Following the identification, screening, and eligibility assessment stages, 14 articles met the inclusion criteria and were analyzed using thematic and narrative synthesis. Results: The literature synthesis indicates that halal certification is influenced by the interaction of internal and external factors. Internal factors include halal knowledge and literacy, awareness, compliance, human resource readiness, and business preparedness. External factors comprise certification costs, procedural complexity, government support, assistance, access to information, consumer pressure, and digitalization. The main barriers identified are limited literacy, financial constraints, administrative complexity, resource limitations, and inadequate assistance. Novelty/Implications: The novelty of this study lies in integrating internal and external factors to explain the determinants of halal certification among MSMEs. The findings imply the need for a collaborative certification ecosystem through strengthening halal literacy, simplifying procedures, providing continuous assistance, enhancing institutional support, and accelerating digitalization.

  • The Thought of Sheikh Nawawi Al-Bantani in the 19th Century: His Contribution to Islamic Family Law Thought in Indonesia

    » AL-IMAM: Journal on Islamic Studies, Civilization and Learning Societies

    The Islamic Legal Thought of Shaykh Nawawi al-Bantani in the Nineteenth Century and Its Contribution to the Tradition of Islamic Family Law in Indonesia. This study examines the Islamic legal thought of Shaykh Nawawi al-Bantani in the nineteenth century and its contribution to the tradition of Islamic family law in Indonesia. It is based on the assumption that Indonesian Islamic family law did not emerge in a vacuum, but was shaped through a long process of transmission involving Shafi‘i jurisprudence, the pesantren tradition, classical Islamic texts known as kitab kuning, local culture, and the codification of law within the modern state system. This research employs a qualitative method based on library research, using historical-normative and socio-intellectual approaches. The primary sources of this study are the works of Shaykh Nawawi al-Bantani related to family law, particularly ‘Uqud al-Lujjain, Nihayat al-Zain, and Qut al-?abib al-Gharib. These sources are supported by journal articles, academic books, the Marriage Law, the Compilation of Islamic Law, and other relevant contemporary regulations. The data are analyzed through descriptive analysis and a contextual-hermeneutical approach in order to examine the construction of Nawawi’s thought in relation to the social context of the nineteenth century and the development of Islamic family law in Indonesia. The findings indicate that Nawawi’s thought on family law is deeply rooted in the Shafi‘i school of law and positions the family as a moral-religious institution. Marriage is understood as a contract that entails responsibility, protection, education, and the preservation of family honor. However, the construction of husband-wife relations in his thought also reflects hierarchical and patriarchal features, as the husband is positioned as the leader of the family, while the wife is placed within a framework of obedience. Nevertheless, Nawawi’s thought also contains a protective dimension, particularly through its emphasis on the husband’s obligation to provide maintenance, guidance, education, and kind treatment toward his wife. This study concludes that Nawawi not only produced legal texts, but also contributed to the formation of the habitus of Islamic family law in the Malay-Indonesian archipelago through pesantren and kitab kuning traditions. His thought remains relevant when read critically and contextually through the perspectives of maq??id al-shar?‘ah, human rights, gender equality, and the contemporary needs of Muslim family law in Indonesia.

  • Optimizing Cash Waqf Investment through Asset Diversification and Nazhir Capacity Building: A Case Study of the Muhammadiyah Cash Waqf Board in West Sumatra

    » AL-IMAM: Journal on Islamic Studies, Civilization and Learning Societies

    Aims: This study aims to analyze the optimization of waqf investment at Badan Wakaf Uang Muhammadiyah (BWUM) West Sumatra by focusing on waqf asset diversification, investment management, risk control, and the utilization of investment returns for community welfare. Method: This research employs a qualitative approach using an ex-post facto method. Data were collected through interviews and documentation related to waqf investment management at BWUM West Sumatra. The data were analyzed descriptively to examine the practices of investment development, supervision, reporting, risk management, and distribution of waqf benefits. Results: The findings indicate that BWUM West Sumatra has developed waqf funds through Islamic financial institutions and productive business activities, including UD Berkah. However, several investments have been discontinued due to considerations of efficiency and sustainability. Waqf investment management is supported by supervision, financial reporting, reserve fund establishment, and the distribution of investment benefits to social, educational, and healthcare sectors. These findings demonstrate that waqf investment optimization requires a balance between asset development, risk control, professional nazhir management, transparency, and the orientation toward public welfare. Conclusion/Novelty/Implications: The novelty of this study lies in its integrated analysis of waqf investment optimization by linking asset diversification, investment management, risk control, and the utilization of investment returns within the context of BWUM West Sumatra. The findings imply that strengthening nazhir professionalism, investment governance, transparency, and risk management is essential to ensure the sustainability and productivity of waqf assets. Future efforts should emphasize broader asset diversification, more strategic investment planning, and the development of productive waqf models that generate sustainable socio-economic benefits for the community.

  • Bayani, Burhani, Irfani and Watani: A Four-Dimensional Contextualisation of Islamic Epistemology

    » Perwakilan: Journal of Good Governance, Diplomacy, Customary Institutionalization and Social Networks

    Aim: This conceptual paper aims to propose Watani as a fourth dimension of Islamic epistemology, extending the Bayani-Burhani-Irfani framework associated particularly with Muhammad Abid Al-Jabiri. It addresses the epistemological significance of context in contemporary Islamic reasoning, where similar principles or cases may require different approaches according to their particular circumstances. Method: The paper employs a conceptual and interpretive approach, examining Al-Jabiri’s formulation of Bayani, Burhani, and Irfani alongside the emerging discourse of Fiqh al-Watan, particularly the conceptualisation of watan as a broader social, cultural, institutional, and civilizational context. The analysis focuses on the relationship between modes of knowing and the situated application of Islamic knowledge. Results: The paper proposes Watani as a distinct mode of contextual knowing alongside Bayani, Burhani, and Irfani. Bayani concerns knowledge through textual and revelational authority, Burhani through rational demonstration and engagement with reality, Irfani through spiritual and intuitive insight, while Watani concerns the situated meaning of knowledge within a particular context. The framework suggests that context should not be understood merely as an external condition for applying knowledge, but as an epistemological consideration in understanding its relevance and implications. Novelty: The novelty lies in conceptualising Watani as a fourth epistemological dimension, rather than merely a methodological tool for contextualising existing forms of Islamic reasoning. The paper does not claim that classical Islamic scholarship lacked contextual reasoning, instead, it proposes making contextual situatedness explicitly epistemological and positions Watani alongside Bayani, Burhani and Irfani as a basis for further development of contemporary Islamic thought.

  • Digital Transformation in Financial Accounting: A Systematic Literature Review Using the PRISMA Approach

    » AL-IMAM: Journal on Islamic Studies, Civilization and Learning Societies

    Aim: This study aims to analyze the development of digital transformation in financial accounting, identify dominant technologies and research themes, and explore research gaps in the field of digital transformation in financial accounting. Method: This study employs a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach guided by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020 framework. The data consist of scientific articles obtained from Scopus, ScienceDirect, SpringerLink, Emerald Insight, Google Scholar, and other scholarly sources. A total of 18 articles published between 2017 and 2026 met the inclusion criteria and were analyzed using content analysis with a thematic analysis approach. Results: The findings indicate that blockchain is the most dominant technology in the transformation of financial accounting due to its contribution to transparency, accountability, financial reporting quality, and fraud mitigation. Artificial Intelligence (AI) and automation also play important roles in improving the efficiency of accounting and auditing processes and supporting data-driven decision-making. However, existing research remains largely dominated by conceptual and literature-based studies, while empirical research examining the implementation of digital technologies in accounting practices remains relatively limited. Conclusion/Novelty/Implications: The novelty of this study lies in systematically mapping dominant technologies and research themes while identifying empirical research gaps. The findings imply that future research should integrate technology, governance, regulation, cybersecurity, and human resource competencies to support effective and sustainable digital transformation in financial accounting.

  • Integrating Waqf, Islamic Microfinance and Entrepreneurship: A Hybrid Financing Framework for Financially Excluded MSMEs

    » WAQF Business Review

    Aim: This study aims to develop a hybrid financing framework that integrates Waqf, Islamic microfinance and entrepreneurship to support financial inclusion, enterprise development and sustainability among financially excluded MSMEs. Methodology: The study adopts a qualitative, conceptual and analytical research design based on a critical review and thematic synthesis of classical and contemporary literature on Waqf, Islamic social finance, Islamic microfinance, entrepreneurship, financial inclusion and MSME development. Relevant literature was analysed to identify financing constraints, institutional complementarities and entrepreneurial support mechanisms. The resulting relationships were synthesised into an integrated hybrid financing framework. Findings: The analysis indicates that Waqf can potentially function as a foundational social-finance layer within a hybrid financing ecosystem, while Islamic microfinance can provide complementary working and growth capital. Entrepreneurship development—including training, mentoring, financial literacy, digital capability, business incubation and market linkage—can connect financing provision with productive enterprise development. The proposed framework consists of five interrelated dimensions: Waqf capital mobilisation, Islamic microfinance provision, entrepreneurial capability development, institutional and market integration, and enterprise sustainability and social impact. The framework further suggests that partnerships among Waqf institutions, Islamic financial institutions, universities, government agencies, private-sector actors and community organisations can strengthen institutional coordination and expand access to productive finance. Conclusion: Integrating Waqf, Islamic microfinance and entrepreneurship provides a potentially coherent pathway for addressing multiple dimensions of MSME financial exclusion. Rather than treating financing as an isolated intervention, the proposed framework combines sustainable social capital, Shariah-compliant finance and entrepreneurial capability development within a single institutional architecture. However, the framework remains conceptual and has not been empirically validated. Future studies should test its applicability, effectiveness and scalability across different MSME and socioeconomic contexts.

  • The Dynamics of Underage Marriage: An Empirical Socio-Legal Study at the Religious Affairs Office of Simo, Boyolali, Indonesia

    » AL-IMAM: Journal on Islamic Studies, Civilization and Learning Societies

    Underage marriage remains a persistent socio-legal challenge in Indonesia despite the establishment of nineteen as the statutory minimum marriage age. This study examines the implementation of underage marriage at the Religious Affairs Office (KUA) of Simo, Boyolali, analyses its driving factors and consequences, and evaluates the institutional role of the KUA in addressing the practice. Employing a normative-empirical socio-legal approach, the study integrates statutory analysis with field evidence obtained through semi-structured interviews, observation, and institutional documentation. The findings demonstrate that underage marriage occurs through two principal pathways: court-authorised marriage dispensation followed by formal registration and religious marriage conducted prior to, or outside, the formal registration process. The practice is driven by the interaction of economic hardship, educational discontinuity, cultural expectations, premarital relationships and pregnancy, partial religious understandings, and individual preference. Its consequences include disrupted education, economic insecurity, psychological immaturity, reproductive-health vulnerability, and marital instability. Although the KUA effectively performs legal gatekeeping through age verification, registration control, premarital guidance, and institutional coordination, its preventive capacity remains limited where social practices precede or bypass formal legal procedures. These findings imply that underage-marriage prevention requires an integrated intervention involving legal institutions, schools, health services, village authorities, religious leaders, and families. The study contributes original empirical evidence by locating the regulatory-practice gap at the local institutional level and by demonstrating the relevance of integrating socio-legal analysis with a maqasid al-shariah-oriented child-protection framework.

  • Digital Transformation in Islamic Economics: Opportunities, Challenges, and Future Research Directions

    » AL-IMAM: Journal on Islamic Studies, Civilization and Learning Societies

    Aims: This study aims to analyze the opportunities, challenges, and future research directions in the digital transformation of the Islamic economy, including the use of Islamic fintech, digital banking, blockchain, artificial intelligence (AI), and other financial technologies. Method: This research employs a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method following PRISMA guidelines. The identification process yielded 3,546 articles, which were then screened and assessed for eligibility, ultimately producing 18 articles as the final sample for thematic analysis. Results: The results show that digital transformation offers opportunities such as increased efficiency, easier transactions, transparency, product and service innovation, and expanded Sharia financial inclusion. However, its implementation still faces several challenges, particularly regulations, Shariah compliance, cybersecurity, data protection, digital literacy, and infrastructure gaps. The study also demonstrates that maqashid al-shariah principles are important as a foundation in guiding technology development so that it is not only focused on economic efficiency but also brings benefits, justice, and sustainability. Conclusion/Novelty/Implications: The novelty of this research lies in its comprehensive mapping of digital transformation dimensions in the Islamic economy through an integrated SLR approach. The implications emphasize the need for regulatory harmonization, strengthening Shariah governance, and developing operational models for AI and blockchain applications. Future research should be directed towards empirical studies on AI, blockchain, CBDC, smart contracts, digital zakat and waqf, as well as developing Shariah governance models that are adaptive to technological advancements.

  • Exploitation of Public Figures’ Faces by AI Platforms as a Form of Unjust Enrichment: A Juridical Study within the Indonesian Legal System

    » AL-IMAM: Journal on Islamic Studies, Civilization and Learning Societies

    The commodification of public figures’ faces within generative AI ecosystems raises a question Indonesian law has yet to answer: who holds entitlement to the economic value extracted from a person’s likeness when platforms replicate and monetize it without meaningful consent. That gap frames an inquiry into the legal status of a public figure’s face as an economic asset, whether AI platforms’ use of it amounts to unjust enrichment, and how accountability should attach to the platforms involved. Through normative legal research grounded in the Copyright Law, the Electronic Information and Transactions Law, the Personal Data Protection Law, and Article 1365 of the Civil Code, the analysis asks how far systematic and teleological interpretation can reach an exploitation unfolding algorithmically rather than through conventional appropriation. A public figure’s face, the study finds, has shifted from a marker of identity into an intangible asset sustaining platform valuation, while existing legal regimes remain fragmented rather than complementary: copyright refuses to treat a face as a protectable work, and data protection law leans toward privacy rather than economic interest. That misalignment lets the four elements of unjust enrichment, enrichment, loss, causation, and absence of legal basis, be satisfied, and opens the possibility of qualifying the conduct as unlawful under Article 1365. The study proposes a layered accountability model of profit restitution, compensation, dataset transparency, and explicit consent, its novelty lying in positioning unjust enrichment as a distributive-justice framework for generative AI’s exploitation of identity, a terrain Indonesian legal scholarship has scarcely addressed.